Heat oil in a large pan over medium-high heat. Add beef and brown on all sides, about 15–20 minutes total. Remove and set aside.
In the same pan, add sliced onions and cook until tender, about 2–3 minutes.
Add garlic and red pepper flakes; cook for 1 minute until fragrant.
Place browned beef in the slow cooker.
Add onions, beef broth, balsamic vinegar, soy sauce, brown sugar, Worcestershire sauce, carrots, and potatoes (if using).
Cover and cook on low for 8–10 hours or on high for 3–5 hours, until beef is fork-tender.
Remove beef and vegetables from slow cooker. Slice or shred beef.
Skim excess fat from cooking liquid and transfer to a saucepan.
Bring to a simmer and stir in cornstarch mixed with water. Cook until sauce thickens into a glaze.
Spoon balsamic glaze over beef before serving.